This serum is formulated with rice bran water and water as the base to deeply hydrate and nourish the skin, followed by glycerin, butylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol that enhance moisture and serum delivery. It features alpha-arbutin to support brightening and reduce the appearance of dark spots, along with niacinamide for overall tone improvement and skin barrier support. Panthenol, methyl gluceth-20, and polyglycerin-3 offer additional soothing and moisturising benefits, while trehalose and glyceryl glucoside help maintain hydration. Hydrolyzed jojoba esters contribute smooth texture and elasticity, and a blend of plant extracts such as barley, sesame, soybean, mung bean, corn, and wheat provide antioxidant care. The formula also includes texture stabilisers and skin-friendly polymers like hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, xanthan gum, arginine, acrylates crosspolymer, plus ethylhexylglycerin and disodium EDTA for a consistent, skin-safe serum experience